diff --git a/src/api/modules/asset.ts b/src/api/modules/asset.ts
index d4f47cd..541adc7 100644
--- a/src/api/modules/asset.ts
+++ b/src/api/modules/asset.ts
@@ -4,6 +4,11 @@
  */
 
 import { BaseService } from '../BaseService'
+import {
+  assertAssetActionAllowed,
+  markAssetActionCalled,
+  type AssetRateLimitedAction
+} from '@/utils/business/apiRateLimit'
 import type {
   BaseResponse,
   AssetResolveResponse,
@@ -27,6 +32,17 @@ import type {
   UpdateAssetPackageExpiresAtRequest
 } from '@/types/api'
 
+const runRateLimitedAssetAction = async <T>(
+  action: AssetRateLimitedAction,
+  identifier: string,
+  request: () => Promise<T>
+): Promise<T> => {
+  assertAssetActionAllowed(action, identifier)
+  markAssetActionCalled(action, identifier)
+  const response = await request()
+  return response
+}
+
 export class AssetService extends BaseService {
   /**
    * 通过任意标识符查询设备或卡的完整详情
@@ -58,14 +74,16 @@ export class AssetService extends BaseService {
   /**
    * 主动调网关拉取最新数据后返回
    * POST /api/admin/assets/:identifier/refresh
-   * 注意：设备有 30 秒冷却期，冷却中调用返回 429
+   * 前端按资产标识限制 5 分钟内只能调用一次
    * @param identifier 资产标识符（ICCID 或 VirtualNo）
    */
   static refreshAsset(identifier: string): Promise<BaseResponse<AssetRefreshResponse>> {
-    return this.post<BaseResponse<AssetRefreshResponse>>(
-      `/api/admin/assets/${identifier}/refresh`,
-      {},
-      { timeout: 60000 }
+    return runRateLimitedAssetAction('refresh', identifier, () =>
+      this.post<BaseResponse<AssetRefreshResponse>>(
+        `/api/admin/assets/${identifier}/refresh`,
+        {},
+        { timeout: 60000 }
+      )
     )
   }
 
@@ -156,11 +174,13 @@ export class AssetService extends BaseService {
   /**
    * 复机资产（卡或设备）
    * POST /api/admin/assets/:identifier/start
-   * 复机成功后设置 1 小时复机保护期（保护期内禁止停机）
+   * 前端按资产标识限制 5 分钟内只能调用一次
    * @param identifier 资产标识符（ICCID 或 VirtualNo）
    */
   static startAsset(identifier: string): Promise<BaseResponse<void>> {
-    return this.post<BaseResponse<void>>(`/api/admin/assets/${identifier}/start`, {})
+    return runRateLimitedAssetAction('start', identifier, () =>
+      this.post<BaseResponse<void>>(`/api/admin/assets/${identifier}/start`, {})
+    )
   }
 
   // ========== 资产停用 ==========
diff --git a/src/utils/business/apiRateLimit.ts b/src/utils/business/apiRateLimit.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9603e5d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/utils/business/apiRateLimit.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,74 @@
+const FIVE_MINUTES_MS = 5 * 60 * 1000
+const STORAGE_KEY_PREFIX = 'asset-action-rate-limit'
+
+export type AssetRateLimitedAction = 'refresh' | 'start'
+
+export class FrontendRateLimitError extends Error {
+  readonly remainingMs: number
+  readonly retryAt: number
+
+  constructor(remainingMs: number, retryAt: number) {
+    super(`操作过于频繁，请${formatRemainingTime(remainingMs)}后再试`)
+    this.name = 'FrontendRateLimitError'
+    this.remainingMs = remainingMs
+    this.retryAt = retryAt
+  }
+}
+
+const getStorageKey = (action: AssetRateLimitedAction, identifier: string) =>
+  `${STORAGE_KEY_PREFIX}:${action}:${identifier}`
+
+const getTimestamp = (key: string): number => {
+  const value = Number(localStorage.getItem(key))
+  return Number.isFinite(value) ? value : 0
+}
+
+export const formatRemainingTime = (remainingMs: number): string => {
+  const totalSeconds = Math.max(1, Math.ceil(remainingMs / 1000))
+  const minutes = Math.floor(totalSeconds / 60)
+  const seconds = totalSeconds % 60
+
+  if (minutes <= 0) return `${seconds}秒`
+  if (seconds === 0) return `${minutes}分钟`
+  return `${minutes}分${seconds}秒`
+}
+
+export const getAssetActionRateLimitState = (
+  action: AssetRateLimitedAction,
+  identifier: string,
+  now: number = Date.now()
+) => {
+  const key = getStorageKey(action, identifier)
+  const lastCalledAt = getTimestamp(key)
+  const retryAt = lastCalledAt + FIVE_MINUTES_MS
+  const remainingMs = Math.max(0, retryAt - now)
+
+  if (remainingMs <= 0 && lastCalledAt > 0) {
+    localStorage.removeItem(key)
+  }
+
+  return {
+    limited: remainingMs > 0,
+    remainingMs,
+    retryAt
+  }
+}
+
+export const markAssetActionCalled = (
+  action: AssetRateLimitedAction,
+  identifier: string,
+  now: number = Date.now()
+) => {
+  localStorage.setItem(getStorageKey(action, identifier), String(now))
+}
+
+export const assertAssetActionAllowed = (
+  action: AssetRateLimitedAction,
+  identifier: string,
+  now: number = Date.now()
+) => {
+  const state = getAssetActionRateLimitState(action, identifier, now)
+  if (state.limited) {
+    throw new FrontendRateLimitError(state.remainingMs, state.retryAt)
+  }
+}
diff --git a/src/utils/business/index.ts b/src/utils/business/index.ts
index f53d73a..ad7bb1b 100644
--- a/src/utils/business/index.ts
+++ b/src/utils/business/index.ts
@@ -6,3 +6,4 @@ export * from './format'
 export * from './validate'
 export * from './calculate'
 export * from './voucher'
+export * from './apiRateLimit'
diff --git a/src/views/asset-management/asset-information/components/AssetSearchCard.vue b/src/views/asset-management/asset-information/components/AssetSearchCard.vue
index 459223a..fb3f642 100644
--- a/src/views/asset-management/asset-information/components/AssetSearchCard.vue
+++ b/src/views/asset-management/asset-information/components/AssetSearchCard.vue
@@ -33,8 +33,14 @@
 
       <!-- 操作按钮组 -->
       <div v-if="hasCardInfo" class="operation-button-group">
-        <ElButton v-permission="'asset_info:sync'" @click="handleRefresh" type="primary" :icon="Refresh" :disabled="refreshDisabled">
-          同步
+        <ElButton
+          v-permission="'asset_info:sync'"
+          @click="handleRefresh"
+          type="primary"
+          :icon="Refresh"
+          :disabled="refreshDisabled"
+        >
+          {{ refreshButtonText }}
         </ElButton>
       </div>
     </div>
@@ -42,7 +48,7 @@
 </template>
 
 <script setup lang="ts">
-  import { ref } from 'vue'
+  import { computed, ref } from 'vue'
   import { useRoute } from 'vue-router'
   import { ElCard, ElInput, ElButton } from 'element-plus'
   import { Search, Refresh } from '@element-plus/icons-vue'
@@ -57,13 +63,19 @@
   interface Props {
     hasCardInfo?: boolean
     refreshDisabled?: boolean
+    refreshRemainingText?: string
   }
 
-  withDefaults(defineProps<Props>(), {
+  const props = withDefaults(defineProps<Props>(), {
     hasCardInfo: false,
-    refreshDisabled: false
+    refreshDisabled: false,
+    refreshRemainingText: ''
   })
 
+  const refreshButtonText = computed(() =>
+    props.refreshRemainingText ? `同步(${props.refreshRemainingText})` : '同步'
+  )
+
   // Emits
   const emit = defineEmits<{
     search: [payload: { identifier: string }]
diff --git a/src/views/asset-management/asset-information/composables/useAssetInfo.ts b/src/views/asset-management/asset-information/composables/useAssetInfo.ts
index a9e09a3..0740646 100644
--- a/src/views/asset-management/asset-information/composables/useAssetInfo.ts
+++ b/src/views/asset-management/asset-information/composables/useAssetInfo.ts
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@
 import { ref } from 'vue'
 import { ElMessage } from 'element-plus'
 import { AssetService } from '@/api/modules'
+import { formatRemainingTime, FrontendRateLimitError } from '@/utils/business/apiRateLimit'
 import type {
   AssetBoundCard,
   AssetWalletResponse,
@@ -183,7 +184,7 @@ export function useAssetInfo() {
         ElMessage.error(response.msg || '查询失败')
         cardInfo.value = null
       }
-    } catch (error: any) {
+    } catch {
       cardInfo.value = null
     } finally {
       loading.value = false
@@ -413,7 +414,7 @@ export function useAssetInfo() {
    * 刷新资产数据(调用refresh接口后重新加载)
    * @param identifier - 资产标识符
    * @param assetType - 资产类型(card/device)
-   * @returns true if refresh was successful, false if rate limited (429)
+   * @returns true if refresh was successful, false if rate limited
    */
   const refreshAsset = async (identifier: string, assetType: string): Promise<boolean> => {
     try {
@@ -426,10 +427,12 @@ export function useAssetInfo() {
       }
       return true
     } catch (error: any) {
-      console.log(error)
-      // Check if it's a 429 rate limit error
+      if (error instanceof FrontendRateLimitError) {
+        ElMessage.warning(`操作过于频繁，请${formatRemainingTime(error.remainingMs)}后再试`)
+        return false
+      }
       if (error?.response?.status === 429) {
-        ElMessage.warning('操作过于频繁，请30秒后再试')
+        ElMessage.warning('操作过于频繁，请5分钟后再试')
         return false
       }
       return false
diff --git a/src/views/asset-management/asset-information/composables/useAssetOperations.ts b/src/views/asset-management/asset-information/composables/useAssetOperations.ts
index a7fc12e..e5a5d57 100644
--- a/src/views/asset-management/asset-information/composables/useAssetOperations.ts
+++ b/src/views/asset-management/asset-information/composables/useAssetOperations.ts
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ import { ref } from 'vue'
 import type { Ref } from 'vue'
 import { ElMessage, ElMessageBox } from 'element-plus'
 import { AssetService, DeviceService } from '@/api/modules'
+import { formatRemainingTime, FrontendRateLimitError } from '@/utils/business/apiRateLimit'
 
 /**
  * Asset operations composable
@@ -38,6 +39,10 @@ export function useAssetOperations(cardInfo: Ref<any>, refreshAssetFn?: () => Pr
       }
     } catch (error: any) {
       if (error !== 'cancel') {
+        if (error instanceof FrontendRateLimitError) {
+          ElMessage.warning(`操作过于频繁，请${formatRemainingTime(error.remainingMs)}后再试`)
+          return
+        }
         console.error('启用失败:', error)
       }
     } finally {
diff --git a/src/views/asset-management/asset-information/index.vue b/src/views/asset-management/asset-information/index.vue
index e0edb65..1022052 100644
--- a/src/views/asset-management/asset-information/index.vue
+++ b/src/views/asset-management/asset-information/index.vue
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@
       ref="assetSearchCardRef"
       :has-card-info="!!cardInfo"
       :refresh-disabled="refreshDisabled"
+      :refresh-remaining-text="refreshRemainingText"
       @search="handleSearch"
       @refresh="handleRefresh"
     />
@@ -167,11 +168,16 @@
 </template>
 
 <script setup lang="ts">
-  import { computed, nextTick, onMounted, ref, watch } from 'vue'
+  import { computed, nextTick, onMounted, onUnmounted, ref, watch } from 'vue'
   import { useRoute, useRouter } from 'vue-router'
   import { ElMessage, ElCard, ElEmpty } from 'element-plus'
   import { RoutesAlias } from '@/router/routesAlias'
   import { DeviceService } from '@/api/modules'
+  import {
+    formatRemainingTime,
+    FrontendRateLimitError,
+    getAssetActionRateLimitState
+  } from '@/utils/business/apiRateLimit'
 
   // 引入子组件
   import AssetSearchCard from './components/AssetSearchCard.vue'
@@ -311,7 +317,34 @@
   })
 
   // ========== 刷新按钮状态 ==========
-  const refreshDisabled = ref(false)
+  const rateLimitNow = ref(Date.now())
+  const refreshSubmitting = ref(false)
+  let rateLimitTimer: ReturnType<typeof setInterval> | undefined
+
+  const refreshRateLimitState = computed(() => {
+    const identifier = cardInfo.value?.identifier
+    if (!identifier) {
+      return {
+        limited: false,
+        remainingMs: 0,
+        retryAt: 0
+      }
+    }
+    return getAssetActionRateLimitState('refresh', identifier, rateLimitNow.value)
+  })
+
+  const refreshDisabled = computed(
+    () => refreshSubmitting.value || refreshRateLimitState.value.limited
+  )
+  const refreshRemainingText = computed(() =>
+    refreshRateLimitState.value.limited
+      ? formatRemainingTime(refreshRateLimitState.value.remainingMs)
+      : ''
+  )
+
+  const updateRateLimitNow = () => {
+    rateLimitNow.value = Date.now()
+  }
 
   // ========== 事件处理 ==========
 
@@ -351,14 +384,14 @@
    * 处理刷新
    */
   const handleRefresh = async () => {
-    if (!cardInfo.value) return
-    const success = await refreshAsset(cardInfo.value.identifier, cardInfo.value.asset_type)
-    if (!success) {
-      // 如果刷新失败（429错误），禁用刷新按钮30秒
-      refreshDisabled.value = true
-      setTimeout(() => {
-        refreshDisabled.value = false
-      }, 30000)
+    if (!cardInfo.value || refreshDisabled.value) return
+
+    try {
+      refreshSubmitting.value = true
+      await refreshAsset(cardInfo.value.identifier, cardInfo.value.asset_type)
+    } finally {
+      refreshSubmitting.value = false
+      updateRateLimitNow()
     }
   }
 
@@ -524,6 +557,10 @@
       if (cardInfo.value)
         await loadRealtimeStatus(cardInfo.value.identifier, cardInfo.value.asset_type)
     } catch (error: any) {
+      if (error instanceof FrontendRateLimitError) {
+        ElMessage.warning(`操作过于频繁，请${formatRemainingTime(error.remainingMs)}后再试`)
+        return
+      }
       console.error('启用绑定卡失败:', error)
     }
   }
@@ -653,9 +690,16 @@
    * URL参数自动加载
    */
   onMounted(() => {
+    rateLimitTimer = setInterval(updateRateLimitNow, 1000)
     autoLoadFromQuery()
   })
 
+  onUnmounted(() => {
+    if (rateLimitTimer) {
+      clearInterval(rateLimitTimer)
+    }
+  })
+
   /**
    * 监听路由查询参数变化
    */
diff --git a/src/views/asset-management/iot-card-management/index.vue b/src/views/asset-management/iot-card-management/index.vue
index 1c30a21..21f91e5 100644
--- a/src/views/asset-management/iot-card-management/index.vue
+++ b/src/views/asset-management/iot-card-management/index.vue
@@ -1027,6 +1027,7 @@
   import { useUserStore } from '@/store/modules/user'
   import { storeToRefs } from 'pinia'
   import { formatDateTime } from '@/utils/business/format'
+  import { formatRemainingTime, FrontendRateLimitError } from '@/utils/business/apiRateLimit'
   import type {
     StandaloneIotCard,
     StandaloneCardStatus,
@@ -2891,6 +2892,10 @@
             await getTableData()
           }
         } catch (error: any) {
+          if (error instanceof FrontendRateLimitError) {
+            ElMessage.warning(`操作过于频繁，请${formatRemainingTime(error.remainingMs)}后再试`)
+            return
+          }
           console.error('启用此卡失败:', error)
         }
       })